diff --git a/lib/app.dart b/lib/app.dart
index bb63b308a..49e742f2f 100644
--- a/lib/app.dart
+++ b/lib/app.dart
@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ import 'package:photos/ente_theme_data.dart';
 import "package:photos/generated/l10n.dart";
 import "package:photos/l10n/l10n.dart";
 import 'package:photos/services/app_lifecycle_service.dart';
-import "package:photos/services/semantic_search/semantic_search_service.dart";
+import "package:photos/services/machine_learning/machine_learning_controller.dart";
 import 'package:photos/services/sync_service.dart';
 import 'package:photos/ui/tabs/home_widget.dart';
 import "package:photos/ui/viewer/actions/file_viewer.dart";
@@ -43,12 +43,8 @@ class EnteApp extends StatefulWidget {
 }
 
 class _EnteAppState extends State<EnteApp> with WidgetsBindingObserver {
-  static const initialInteractionTimeout = Duration(seconds: 10);
-  static const defaultInteractionTimeout = Duration(seconds: 5);
-
   final _logger = Logger("EnteAppState");
   late Locale locale;
-  late Timer _userInteractionTimer;
 
   @override
   void initState() {
@@ -57,7 +53,6 @@ class _EnteAppState extends State<EnteApp> with WidgetsBindingObserver {
     locale = widget.locale;
     setupIntentAction();
     WidgetsBinding.instance.addObserver(this);
-    _setupInteractionTimer(timeout: initialInteractionTimeout);
   }
 
   setLocale(Locale newLocale) {
@@ -76,30 +71,12 @@ class _EnteAppState extends State<EnteApp> with WidgetsBindingObserver {
     }
   }
 
-  void _resetTimer() {
-    _userInteractionTimer.cancel();
-    _setupInteractionTimer();
-  }
-
-  void _setupInteractionTimer({Duration timeout = defaultInteractionTimeout}) {
-    if (Platform.isAndroid || kDebugMode) {
-      _userInteractionTimer = Timer(timeout, () {
-        debugPrint("user is not interacting with the app");
-        SemanticSearchService.instance.startIndexing();
-      });
-    } else {
-      SemanticSearchService.instance.startIndexing();
-    }
-  }
-
   @override
   Widget build(BuildContext context) {
     if (Platform.isAndroid || kDebugMode) {
       return Listener(
         onPointerDown: (event) {
-          SemanticSearchService.instance.pauseIndexing();
-          debugPrint("user is interacting with the app");
-          _resetTimer();
+          MachineLearningController.instance.onUserInteraction();
         },
         child: AdaptiveTheme(
           light: lightThemeData,
@@ -149,7 +126,6 @@ class _EnteAppState extends State<EnteApp> with WidgetsBindingObserver {
   @override
   void dispose() {
     WidgetsBinding.instance.removeObserver(this);
-    _userInteractionTimer.cancel();
     super.dispose();
   }
 
diff --git a/lib/core/configuration.dart b/lib/core/configuration.dart
index 6b4e1b0ea..647584828 100644
--- a/lib/core/configuration.dart
+++ b/lib/core/configuration.dart
@@ -25,9 +25,9 @@ import 'package:photos/services/billing_service.dart';
 import 'package:photos/services/collections_service.dart';
 import 'package:photos/services/favorites_service.dart';
 import 'package:photos/services/ignored_files_service.dart';
+import 'package:photos/services/machine_learning/semantic_search/semantic_search_service.dart';
 import 'package:photos/services/memories_service.dart';
 import 'package:photos/services/search_service.dart';
-import "package:photos/services/semantic_search/semantic_search_service.dart";
 import 'package:photos/services/sync_service.dart';
 import 'package:photos/utils/crypto_util.dart';
 import 'package:photos/utils/file_uploader.dart';
diff --git a/lib/events/machine_learning_control_event.dart b/lib/events/machine_learning_control_event.dart
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..be39ec5e3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lib/events/machine_learning_control_event.dart
@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+import "package:photos/events/event.dart";
+
+class MachineLearningControlEvent extends Event {
+  final bool shouldRun;
+
+  MachineLearningControlEvent(this.shouldRun);
+}
diff --git a/lib/main.dart b/lib/main.dart
index ce1d567d9..91c17974a 100644
--- a/lib/main.dart
+++ b/lib/main.dart
@@ -30,11 +30,12 @@ import 'package:photos/services/feature_flag_service.dart';
 import 'package:photos/services/local_file_update_service.dart';
 import 'package:photos/services/local_sync_service.dart';
 import "package:photos/services/location_service.dart";
+import "package:photos/services/machine_learning/machine_learning_controller.dart";
+import 'package:photos/services/machine_learning/semantic_search/semantic_search_service.dart';
 import 'package:photos/services/memories_service.dart';
 import 'package:photos/services/push_service.dart';
 import 'package:photos/services/remote_sync_service.dart';
 import 'package:photos/services/search_service.dart';
-import 'package:photos/services/semantic_search/semantic_search_service.dart';
 import "package:photos/services/storage_bonus_service.dart";
 import 'package:photos/services/sync_service.dart';
 import 'package:photos/services/trash_sync_service.dart';
@@ -193,7 +194,8 @@ Future<void> _init(bool isBackground, {String via = ''}) async {
     });
   }
   unawaited(FeatureFlagService.instance.init());
-  unawaited(SemanticSearchService.instance.init(isInBackground: isBackground));
+  unawaited(SemanticSearchService.instance.init());
+  MachineLearningController.instance.init();
   // Can not including existing tf/ml binaries as they are not being built
   // from source.
   // See https://gitlab.com/fdroid/fdroiddata/-/merge_requests/12671#note_1294346819
diff --git a/lib/services/machine_learning/machine_learning_controller.dart b/lib/services/machine_learning/machine_learning_controller.dart
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..ce2dd892e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lib/services/machine_learning/machine_learning_controller.dart
@@ -0,0 +1,97 @@
+import "dart:async";
+import "dart:io";
+
+import "package:battery_info/battery_info_plugin.dart";
+import "package:battery_info/model/android_battery_info.dart";
+import "package:logging/logging.dart";
+import "package:photos/core/event_bus.dart";
+import "package:photos/events/machine_learning_control_event.dart";
+
+class MachineLearningController {
+  MachineLearningController._privateConstructor();
+
+  static final MachineLearningController instance =
+      MachineLearningController._privateConstructor();
+
+  final _logger = Logger("MachineLearningController");
+
+  static const kMaximumTemperature = 36; // 36 degree celsius
+  static const kMinimumBatteryLevel = 20; // 20%
+  static const kInitialInteractionTimeout = Duration(seconds: 10);
+  static const kDefaultInteractionTimeout = Duration(seconds: 5);
+  static const kUnhealthyStates = ["over_heat", "over_voltage", "dead"];
+
+  bool _isDeviceHealthy = true;
+  bool _isUserInteracting = true;
+  bool _isRunningML = false;
+  late Timer _userInteractionTimer;
+
+  void init() {
+    if (Platform.isAndroid) {
+      _startInteractionTimer(timeout: kInitialInteractionTimeout);
+      BatteryInfoPlugin()
+          .androidBatteryInfoStream
+          .listen((AndroidBatteryInfo? batteryInfo) {
+        _onBatteryStateUpdate(batteryInfo);
+      });
+    } else {
+      // Always run Machine Learning on iOS
+      Bus.instance.fire(MachineLearningControlEvent(true));
+    }
+  }
+
+  void onUserInteraction() {
+    _logger.info("User is interacting with the app");
+    _isUserInteracting = true;
+    _fireControlEvent();
+    _resetTimer();
+  }
+
+  void _fireControlEvent() {
+    final shouldRunML = _isDeviceHealthy && !_isUserInteracting;
+    if (shouldRunML != _isRunningML) {
+      _isRunningML = shouldRunML;
+      _logger.info(
+        "Firing event with device health: $_isDeviceHealthy and user interaction: $_isUserInteracting",
+      );
+      Bus.instance.fire(MachineLearningControlEvent(shouldRunML));
+    }
+  }
+
+  void _startInteractionTimer({Duration timeout = kDefaultInteractionTimeout}) {
+    _userInteractionTimer = Timer(timeout, () {
+      _logger.info("User is not interacting with the app");
+      _isUserInteracting = false;
+      _fireControlEvent();
+    });
+  }
+
+  void _resetTimer() {
+    _userInteractionTimer.cancel();
+    _startInteractionTimer();
+  }
+
+  void _onBatteryStateUpdate(AndroidBatteryInfo? batteryInfo) {
+    _logger.info("Battery info: ${batteryInfo!.toJson()}");
+    _isDeviceHealthy = _computeIsDeviceHealthy(batteryInfo);
+    _fireControlEvent();
+  }
+
+  bool _computeIsDeviceHealthy(AndroidBatteryInfo info) {
+    return _hasSufficientBattery(info.batteryLevel ?? kMinimumBatteryLevel) &&
+        _isAcceptableTemperature(info.temperature ?? kMaximumTemperature) &&
+        _isBatteryHealthy(info.health ?? "");
+  }
+
+  bool _hasSufficientBattery(int batteryLevel) {
+    return batteryLevel >= kMinimumBatteryLevel;
+  }
+
+  bool _isAcceptableTemperature(int temperature) {
+    return temperature <= kMaximumTemperature;
+  }
+
+  bool _isBatteryHealthy(String health) {
+    return !kUnhealthyStates.contains(health);
+  }
+}
diff --git a/lib/services/semantic_search/embedding_store.dart b/lib/services/machine_learning/semantic_search/embedding_store.dart
similarity index 98%
rename from lib/services/semantic_search/embedding_store.dart
rename to lib/services/machine_learning/semantic_search/embedding_store.dart
index 45102f942..e9b8b9c10 100644
--- a/lib/services/semantic_search/embedding_store.dart
+++ b/lib/services/machine_learning/semantic_search/embedding_store.dart
@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ import "package:photos/db/embeddings_db.dart";
 import "package:photos/db/files_db.dart";
 import "package:photos/models/embedding.dart";
 import "package:photos/models/file/file.dart";
-import "package:photos/services/semantic_search/remote_embedding.dart";
+import 'package:photos/services/machine_learning/semantic_search/remote_embedding.dart';
 import "package:photos/utils/crypto_util.dart";
 import "package:photos/utils/file_download_util.dart";
 import "package:shared_preferences/shared_preferences.dart";
diff --git a/lib/services/semantic_search/frameworks/ggml.dart b/lib/services/machine_learning/semantic_search/frameworks/ggml.dart
similarity index 97%
rename from lib/services/semantic_search/frameworks/ggml.dart
rename to lib/services/machine_learning/semantic_search/frameworks/ggml.dart
index 6ff862084..f83a2a669 100644
--- a/lib/services/semantic_search/frameworks/ggml.dart
+++ b/lib/services/machine_learning/semantic_search/frameworks/ggml.dart
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 import "package:clip_ggml/clip_ggml.dart";
 import "package:computer/computer.dart";
 import "package:logging/logging.dart";
-import 'package:photos/services/semantic_search/frameworks/ml_framework.dart';
+import 'package:photos/services/machine_learning/semantic_search/frameworks/ml_framework.dart';
 
 class GGML extends MLFramework {
   static const kModelBucketEndpoint = "https://models.ente.io/";
diff --git a/lib/services/semantic_search/frameworks/ml_framework.dart b/lib/services/machine_learning/semantic_search/frameworks/ml_framework.dart
similarity index 100%
rename from lib/services/semantic_search/frameworks/ml_framework.dart
rename to lib/services/machine_learning/semantic_search/frameworks/ml_framework.dart
diff --git a/lib/services/semantic_search/frameworks/onnx/onnx.dart b/lib/services/machine_learning/semantic_search/frameworks/onnx/onnx.dart
similarity index 91%
rename from lib/services/semantic_search/frameworks/onnx/onnx.dart
rename to lib/services/machine_learning/semantic_search/frameworks/onnx/onnx.dart
index 00930ccac..56b53df71 100644
--- a/lib/services/semantic_search/frameworks/onnx/onnx.dart
+++ b/lib/services/machine_learning/semantic_search/frameworks/onnx/onnx.dart
@@ -1,9 +1,9 @@
 import "package:computer/computer.dart";
 import "package:logging/logging.dart";
 import "package:onnxruntime/onnxruntime.dart";
-import "package:photos/services/semantic_search/frameworks/ml_framework.dart";
-import "package:photos/services/semantic_search/frameworks/onnx/onnx_image_encoder.dart";
-import "package:photos/services/semantic_search/frameworks/onnx/onnx_text_encoder.dart";
+import 'package:photos/services/machine_learning/semantic_search/frameworks/ml_framework.dart';
+import 'package:photos/services/machine_learning/semantic_search/frameworks/onnx/onnx_image_encoder.dart';
+import 'package:photos/services/machine_learning/semantic_search/frameworks/onnx/onnx_text_encoder.dart';
 
 class ONNX extends MLFramework {
   static const kModelBucketEndpoint = "https://models.ente.io/";
diff --git a/lib/services/semantic_search/frameworks/onnx/onnx_image_encoder.dart b/lib/services/machine_learning/semantic_search/frameworks/onnx/onnx_image_encoder.dart
similarity index 100%
rename from lib/services/semantic_search/frameworks/onnx/onnx_image_encoder.dart
rename to lib/services/machine_learning/semantic_search/frameworks/onnx/onnx_image_encoder.dart
diff --git a/lib/services/semantic_search/frameworks/onnx/onnx_text_encoder.dart b/lib/services/machine_learning/semantic_search/frameworks/onnx/onnx_text_encoder.dart
similarity index 95%
rename from lib/services/semantic_search/frameworks/onnx/onnx_text_encoder.dart
rename to lib/services/machine_learning/semantic_search/frameworks/onnx/onnx_text_encoder.dart
index 664b925e7..7f954ed7f 100644
--- a/lib/services/semantic_search/frameworks/onnx/onnx_text_encoder.dart
+++ b/lib/services/machine_learning/semantic_search/frameworks/onnx/onnx_text_encoder.dart
@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ import "dart:typed_data";
 import "package:flutter/services.dart";
 import "package:logging/logging.dart";
 import "package:onnxruntime/onnxruntime.dart";
-import "package:photos/services/semantic_search/frameworks/onnx/onnx_text_tokenizer.dart";
+import 'package:photos/services/machine_learning/semantic_search/frameworks/onnx/onnx_text_tokenizer.dart';
 
 class OnnxTextEncoder {
   static const kVocabFilePath = "assets/models/clip/bpe_simple_vocab_16e6.txt";
diff --git a/lib/services/semantic_search/frameworks/onnx/onnx_text_tokenizer.dart b/lib/services/machine_learning/semantic_search/frameworks/onnx/onnx_text_tokenizer.dart
similarity index 100%
rename from lib/services/semantic_search/frameworks/onnx/onnx_text_tokenizer.dart
rename to lib/services/machine_learning/semantic_search/frameworks/onnx/onnx_text_tokenizer.dart
diff --git a/lib/services/semantic_search/remote_embedding.dart b/lib/services/machine_learning/semantic_search/remote_embedding.dart
similarity index 100%
rename from lib/services/semantic_search/remote_embedding.dart
rename to lib/services/machine_learning/semantic_search/remote_embedding.dart
diff --git a/lib/services/semantic_search/semantic_search_service.dart b/lib/services/machine_learning/semantic_search/semantic_search_service.dart
similarity index 92%
rename from lib/services/semantic_search/semantic_search_service.dart
rename to lib/services/machine_learning/semantic_search/semantic_search_service.dart
index e2b892fdb..e5e855ba4 100644
--- a/lib/services/semantic_search/semantic_search_service.dart
+++ b/lib/services/machine_learning/semantic_search/semantic_search_service.dart
@@ -11,13 +11,14 @@ import "package:photos/db/files_db.dart";
 import "package:photos/events/diff_sync_complete_event.dart";
 import 'package:photos/events/embedding_updated_event.dart';
 import "package:photos/events/file_uploaded_event.dart";
+import "package:photos/events/machine_learning_control_event.dart";
 import "package:photos/models/embedding.dart";
 import "package:photos/models/file/file.dart";
 import "package:photos/services/collections_service.dart";
-import "package:photos/services/semantic_search/embedding_store.dart";
-import "package:photos/services/semantic_search/frameworks/ggml.dart";
-import "package:photos/services/semantic_search/frameworks/ml_framework.dart";
-import 'package:photos/services/semantic_search/frameworks/onnx/onnx.dart';
+import 'package:photos/services/machine_learning/semantic_search/embedding_store.dart';
+import 'package:photos/services/machine_learning/semantic_search/frameworks/ggml.dart';
+import 'package:photos/services/machine_learning/semantic_search/frameworks/ml_framework.dart';
+import 'package:photos/services/machine_learning/semantic_search/frameworks/onnx/onnx.dart';
 import "package:photos/utils/debouncer.dart";
 import "package:photos/utils/device_info.dart";
 import "package:photos/utils/local_settings.dart";
@@ -50,26 +51,11 @@ class SemanticSearchService {
   Future<List<EnteFile>>? _ongoingRequest;
   List<Embedding> _cachedEmbeddings = <Embedding>[];
   PendingQuery? _nextQuery;
-  Completer<void> _userInteraction = Completer<void>();
+  Completer<void> _mlController = Completer<void>();
 
   get hasInitialized => _hasInitialized;
 
-  void startIndexing() {
-    _logger.info("Start indexing");
-    _userInteraction.complete();
-  }
-
-  void pauseIndexing() {
-    if (_userInteraction.isCompleted) {
-      _logger.info("Pausing indexing");
-      _userInteraction = Completer<void>();
-    }
-  }
-
-  Future<void> init({
-    bool shouldSyncImmediately = false,
-    bool isInBackground = false,
-  }) async {
+  Future<void> init({bool shouldSyncImmediately = false}) async {
     if (!LocalSettings.instance.hasEnabledMagicSearch()) {
       return;
     }
@@ -114,10 +100,13 @@ class SemanticSearchService {
     if (shouldSyncImmediately) {
       unawaited(sync());
     }
-    if (isInBackground) {
-      // Do not block on user interactions
-      startIndexing();
-    }
+    Bus.instance.on<MachineLearningControlEvent>().listen((event) {
+      if (event.shouldRun) {
+        _startIndexing();
+      } else {
+        _pauseIndexing();
+      }
+    });
   }
 
   Future<void> release() async {
@@ -301,9 +290,9 @@ class SemanticSearchService {
     if (!_frameworkInitialization.isCompleted) {
       return;
     }
-    if (!_userInteraction.isCompleted) {
-      _logger.info("Waiting for user interactions to stop...");
-      await _userInteraction.future;
+    if (!_mlController.isCompleted) {
+      _logger.info("Waiting for a green signal from controller...");
+      await _mlController.future;
     }
     try {
       final thumbnail = await getThumbnailForUploadedFile(file);
@@ -376,6 +365,20 @@ class SemanticSearchService {
       return Model.onnxClip;
     }
   }
+
+  void _startIndexing() {
+    _logger.info("Start indexing");
+    if (!_mlController.isCompleted) {
+      _mlController.complete();
+    }
+  }
+
+  void _pauseIndexing() {
+    if (_mlController.isCompleted) {
+      _logger.info("Pausing indexing");
+      _mlController = Completer<void>();
+    }
+  }
 }
 
 List<QueryResult> computeBulkScore(Map args) {
diff --git a/lib/services/search_service.dart b/lib/services/search_service.dart
index f27ae6056..fa2317836 100644
--- a/lib/services/search_service.dart
+++ b/lib/services/search_service.dart
@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@ import 'package:photos/models/search/generic_search_result.dart';
 import "package:photos/models/search/search_types.dart";
 import 'package:photos/services/collections_service.dart';
 import "package:photos/services/location_service.dart";
-import 'package:photos/services/semantic_search/semantic_search_service.dart';
+import 'package:photos/services/machine_learning/semantic_search/semantic_search_service.dart';
 import "package:photos/states/location_screen_state.dart";
 import "package:photos/ui/viewer/location/add_location_sheet.dart";
 import "package:photos/ui/viewer/location/location_screen.dart";
diff --git a/lib/ui/settings/machine_learning_settings_page.dart b/lib/ui/settings/machine_learning_settings_page.dart
index 6afb3704a..0ad5bce31 100644
--- a/lib/ui/settings/machine_learning_settings_page.dart
+++ b/lib/ui/settings/machine_learning_settings_page.dart
@@ -6,8 +6,8 @@ import "package:photos/core/event_bus.dart";
 import 'package:photos/events/embedding_updated_event.dart';
 import "package:photos/generated/l10n.dart";
 import "package:photos/services/feature_flag_service.dart";
-import "package:photos/services/semantic_search/frameworks/ml_framework.dart";
-import "package:photos/services/semantic_search/semantic_search_service.dart";
+import 'package:photos/services/machine_learning/semantic_search/frameworks/ml_framework.dart';
+import 'package:photos/services/machine_learning/semantic_search/semantic_search_service.dart';
 import "package:photos/theme/ente_theme.dart";
 import "package:photos/ui/common/loading_widget.dart";
 import "package:photos/ui/components/buttons/icon_button_widget.dart";
diff --git a/pubspec.lock b/pubspec.lock
index e97b1e8e5..15aa46017 100644
--- a/pubspec.lock
+++ b/pubspec.lock
@@ -89,6 +89,14 @@ packages:
       url: "https://pub.dev"
     source: hosted
     version: "1.2.1"
+  battery_info:
+    dependency: "direct main"
+    description:
+      name: battery_info
+      sha256: "5d5249c87a600a0a20d6b2f5ffdf90d711bccb1bfd3a58e5a6228f270031c680"
+      url: "https://pub.dev"
+    source: hosted
+    version: "1.1.1"
   bip39:
     dependency: "direct main"
     description:
diff --git a/pubspec.yaml b/pubspec.yaml
index 4a2767e4e..037c7ac84 100644
--- a/pubspec.yaml
+++ b/pubspec.yaml
@@ -23,6 +23,7 @@ dependencies:
   animated_list_plus: ^0.4.5
   archive: ^3.1.2
   background_fetch: ^1.2.1
+  battery_info: ^1.1.1
   bip39: ^1.0.6
   cached_network_image: ^3.0.0
   chewie: